TITLE IX — NATIONAL DEFENCE AND SECURITY
Chapter I — Principles of National Defence
Article 142 — Defence of the Principality
National defence shall aim to guarantee the independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and security of the Principality of Carlisne.
It shall ensure the protection of its institutions, population and fundamental interests.
National defence shall fall within State competence, with the participation of the fiefs under the conditions prescribed by the Constitution.
Article 143 — Supreme Command
The Sovereign Prince or Sovereign Princess shall be the supreme commander of the armed forces of Carlisne.
During a vacancy of the Throne, this prerogative shall be exercised by the Chancellor in accordance with Title III.
The Crown shall define the broad strategic directions of national defence and ensure the preservation of the Principality's military capabilities.
Article 144 — Operational Direction
The Prime Minister and the competent governmental authorities shall exercise operational direction of the armed forces.
They shall organise the preparation, administration, training, equipment and deployment of the forces in accordance with the Crown's constitutional policy directions.
The arrangements for coordination between supreme command and operational direction shall be established by the organic law governing defence.
Chapter II — Organisation of the Armed Forces
Article 145 — National Armed Forces
The Principality shall maintain permanent professional national armed forces.
They shall be organised into land, air and naval components and specialised services according to defence requirements.
They shall be placed under a unified national command under the conditions prescribed by law.
No military force may be established or employed outside the constitutional and legal framework.
Article 146 — Territorial Military Forces
Marquessates shall maintain permanent professional territorial forces to fulfil their defence obligations.
These forces may be mobilised and integrated into national operations under the conditions established by law.
Counties may raise temporary military levies where defence requirements so justify.
Territorial forces shall remain subject to national requirements concerning coordination, discipline and security.
Article 147 — Funding of National Defence
The Principality shall devote annually to national defence an amount equal to at least seven per cent of its gross domestic product, in accordance with the calculation methods defined by law.
This obligation shall constitute a constitutional guarantee of the maintenance of national military capabilities.
The corresponding expenditure shall be included in the national budget in accordance with the applicable financial procedures.
The funding obligations specific to Marquessates shall remain as established by Article 105 of the Constitution.
Chapter III — Military Service and Defence Obligations
Article 148 — Compulsory Military Service
Military service shall be compulsory for citizens of the Principality, without distinction of sex, under the conditions prescribed by law.
Its duration, arrangements for completion, exemptions and adjustments shall be determined by national legislation.
Completion of military service shall constitute a requirement for access to elective office and high public office, in accordance with the applicable constitutional provisions.
Article 149 — Citizens' Obligations and Reserves
Citizens may be called upon to participate in national defence under the conditions prescribed by law.
The Principality may organise reserve forces and mobilisation arrangements.
Every military obligation must respect the fundamental safeguards recognised by the Constitution.
The conditions for mobilisation and recall shall be established by organic law.
Chapter IV — Military Operations and Foreign Commitments
Article 150 — Employment of the Armed Forces
The employment of the armed forces must serve a lawful defence or security objective or fulfil an international commitment duly applicable to the Principality.
Military operations shall be conducted in accordance with the Constitution and the applicable rules of international law.
Military authorities shall remain subject to oversight by the competent institutions within the limits of their respective powers.
Article 151 — Overseas Military Operations
Citizens subject to a military obligation may be compelled to participate in overseas operations only in constitutionally permissible cases, including:
A mission conducted under a United Nations mandate.
A lawfully authorised humanitarian intervention.
A response to a major threat to the security of the Principality.
The fulfilment of a defence commitment towards an allied State.
The conditions for deployment, mobilisation and protection of personnel shall be determined by law.
Professional military personnel shall remain subject to the specific obligations arising from their status and service commitments.
Chapter V — Nuclear Deterrence
Article 152 — Nuclear Authority
The decision to use nuclear weapons shall belong personally and exclusively to the Sovereign Prince or Sovereign Princess.
During a vacancy of the Throne, it shall belong personally and exclusively to the Chancellor.
This decision shall not require prior authorisation from the Prime Minister or Parliament.
It may not be automatically transferred to a Consort, a minister, a military commander or an administrative substitute.
Article 153 — Nuclear Doctrine
The Principality shall maintain a doctrine of deterrence based on the protection of its vital interests and the sovereign assessment of threats.
It shall constitutionally adopt neither a general obligation of no first use nor an unconditional authorisation of preventive use.
The policy directions of nuclear doctrine shall be defined by the Crown in accordance with the Constitution and applicable international law.
Any use must comply with the applicable obligations of international humanitarian law, including the principles of distinction and proportionality and the prohibition of indiscriminate attacks.
Operational arrangements and information covered by national defence secrecy shall be protected by law.
Chapter VI — National Security and Emergency Powers
Article 154 — National Security
National security shall encompass the protection of the institutions, territory, population and fundamental interests of the Principality.
Intelligence, internal security and strategic protection services shall be organised by law.
They shall perform their duties with due respect for fundamental rights and applicable legal safeguards.
Their activities shall be subject to the oversight mechanisms prescribed by the Constitution and the laws.
Article 155 — Emergency Powers of the Crown
Where a serious and immediate threat endangers the independence of the Principality, the integrity of its territory, the security of its institutions or the continuity of the State, the Crown may declare a constitutional state of emergency after consulting the Prime Minister.
The initial duration of this state of emergency may not exceed thirty days.
Any extension shall require the approval of both chambers of Parliament in accordance with the procedures prescribed by organic law.
Emergency measures must remain necessary, proportionate and limited to the situation justifying them.
They may neither suspend constitutional review, abolish judicial independence nor authorise violations of fundamental rights from which no derogation is permitted.
Chapter VII — Organic Provisions
Article 156 — Organic Law Governing Defence and Security
An organic law shall determine the organisation of the armed forces, the relationship between supreme command and operational direction, territorial military obligations, military service arrangements, mobilisation conditions and the functioning of national security institutions.
It shall also specify the institutional safeguards applicable to nuclear deterrence and the procedures for implementing emergency powers.
It may not alter the Crown's personal and exclusive authority to decide on the use of nuclear weapons.